Akin to problematic or "predatory" publishers, there also are problematic conferences that offer attractive presentation and/or publication opportunities for academics and researchers that are insincere or fraudulent. Much like identifying problematic publishers, identifying problematic conferences can involve considering several different factors.
Many problematic publishers are increasing their revenue stream by organizing fake conferences to exploit presenters and attendees by charging registration fees. Signs of problematic conferences include:
It is worth noting that the rising use of AI tools such as Chat GPT could improve the quality of these emails, but receiving unsolicited requests to present, especially in an aggressive manner, is a considerable red flag.