Evidence-Based Medicine is the integration of best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values. (Sackett DL, Straus SE, Richardson WS, et al. Evidence-based medicine: how to practice and teach EBM. 2nd ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 2000.)
Key components of Evidence-Based Practice
- Patient preference/values
- Clinical expertise
- Best research evidence
Five Steps of the Evidence-based Process
- Ask a clinical question
- Obtain the best research literature
- Critically appraise the evidence
- Integrate the evidence with clinical expertise, patient preferences
- Evaluate the outcomes of the decision
A well-built clinical/research question includes typically includes following components:
- P - patient/population
- I - intervention
- C - comparison or "gold standard"
- O - outcome(s)
- (T) - timeframe, type of question