Resources for Scholarship and Research in Medical Education

The resources below provide overviews and "how to's" for several common research methodologies used in medical education research.

• Quantitative and qualitative methods in medical education research: AMEE Guide No 90: Part I.
  Tavakol M & Sandars J. Medical Teacher. 2014; 36(9): 746-756.
• Quantitative and qualitative methods in medical education research: AMEE Guide No 90: Part II.
  Tavakol M & Sandars J. Medical Teacher. 2014; 36(10): 838-848.
• Conducting Quantitative Medical Education Research: From Design to Dissemination
  Abramson et al. Academic Pediatrics. 2018; 18(2): 129-139.
• AM last page. Quality criteria in qualitative and quantitative research. 
  Frambach et al. Academic Medicine. 2013; 88(4): 552.

• Developing questionnaires for educational research (AMEE Guide No. 87)
  Artino AR et al. Medical Teacher. 2014 Jun;36(6):463-74.
• Selecting, designing, and developing your questionnaire
  Boynton PM & Greenhalgh T. British Medical Journal. 2004; 328: 1312.
• AM Last Page: Survey Development Guidance for Medical Education Researchers.
  Gehlbach H et al. Academic Medicine. 2010; 85 (5): 925
• Tracing the Steps of Survey Design: A Graduate Medical Education Research Example.
  Magee C et al. Journal of Graduate Medical Education. 2013; 5(1): 1-5.
• AM Last Page: Avoiding Five Common Pitfalls of Survey Design
  Artino A et al. Academic Medicine. 2011; 86 (10): 1327
  AM Last Page: Avoiding Four Visual-Design Pitfalls in Survey Development
  Artino A & Gehlbach H. Academic Medicine. 2012; 87 (10): 1452

• Qualitative research methods for medical educators. 
  Hanson JL et al. Academic Pediatrics. 2011; 11: 375-86.
• Why open-ended survey questions are unlikely to support rigorous qualitative insights.
  LaDonna A et al. Academic Medicine. 2018; 93(3):347-9.
• When I say... grounded theory.
  Lingard L. Medical Education. 2014; 48: 748-9.
• Beyond the default colon: Effective use of quotes in qualitative research.
  Lingard, L. (2019). Perspectives on medical education, 8(6), 360-364.
• Generating research questions appropriate for qualitative studies in health professions education.
  O'Brien BC et al. Academic Medicine. 2016; 91(12), e16.
• The tools of the qualitative research trade. 
  Paradis E. Academic Medicine 2016; 91(12), e17.
• Introducing medical educators to qualitative study design: Twelve tips from inception to completion. 
  Ramani S & Mann K. Medical Teacher. 2016; 38(5):456-63

• Twelve tips for undertaking a focused systematic review in medical education 
  Gordan et al. Medical Teacher. 2019; 41 (11): 1232-1238.
• Five steps to conducting a systematic review
  Khan KS et al. Journal of the Royal Society of Medicine. 2003; 96(3): 118-121.
• Conducting systematic reviews in medical education: a stepwise approach. 
  Cook DA & West CP. Medical Education. 2012; 46(10): 943-952.

• Using evaluation research to improve medical education. 
  Tavakol et al. Clinical Teacher. 2010; 7(3): 192-196.
• Building and executing a research agenda toward conducting implementation science in medical education.
  Carney et al. Medical Education Online. 2016; 21:32405.
• AM Last Page: A Snapshot of Three Common Program Evaluation Approaches for Medical Education.
  Blanchard RD et al. Academic Medicine. January 2013; 88(1): 146.
• Evaluating educational programmes (AMEE Guide No. 29)
  Goldie J. Medical Teacher. 2006 May;28(3):210-24.
• Program evaluation models and related theories: AMEE guide no. 67. 
  Frye AW & Hemmer PA. Medical Teacher. 2012; 34 (5): e288-299.

• UCLA Institute for Digital Research and Education (IDRE): statistical software FAQs , table for choosing a statistical test , data analysis examples and annotated output
• Excel calculator showing statistical significance and effect sizes for group comparisons
• Reference texts can be requested free of charge for research through KUMC Interlibrary Loan